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Traditional American folk music group

This article is about the original folk music group Carter Family. For the second-generation band, see The Carter Sisters. For the duo consisting of Beyoncé and Jay Z, see The Carters. For any of several American political families with surname Carter, see Listing of United States political families (C).

Original Carter Family
A. P., Maybelle, and Sara Carter (Fifty–R) in 1927
Background information
Origin	Maces Spring, Virginia
Genres	Country folk blues gospel Americana
Years active	1927–1956
Labels	Bluebird Decca RCA Victor Vocalion Montgomery Ward Records
Associated acts	Johnny Greenbacks Carl Perkins Jimmie Rodgers Hank Williams Roy Acuff The Carter Sisters

Musical artist

The Carter Family unit was a traditional American folk music grouping that recorded between 1927 and 1956. Their music had a profound bear upon on bluegrass, state, Southern Gospel, pop and stone musicians every bit well as on the U.S. folk revival of the 1960s.

They were the first vocal grouping to become country music stars, and were among the beginning groups to record commercially produced land music. Their first recordings were made in Bristol, Tennessee, under producer Ralph Peer on August 1, 1927, the twenty-four hours before land singer Jimmie Rodgers likewise made his initial recordings under Peer. Their recordings of songs such as "Wabash Cannonball", "Tin the Circle Be Unbroken", "Wildwood Flower", "Proceed On the Sunny Side" and "I'1000 Thinking Tonight of My Blue Eyes" made these songs country standards. The melody of the last was used for Roy Acuff's "The Bully Speckled Bird", Hank Thompson'due south "The Wild Side of Life" and Kitty Wells' "It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels", making the song a hit all over once more in other incarnations.^[i]

The original group consisted of Sara Carter, her husband A.P. Carter, and her sister-in-law Maybelle Carter. Maybelle was married to A.P.'s brother Ezra Carter (Eck) and was also Sara's outset cousin. All three were born and raised in southwest Virginia, where they were immersed in the tight harmonies of mount gospel music and shape notation singing.

Throughout the grouping's career, Sara Carter sang lead vocals and played rhythm guitar or autoharp, and Maybelle sang harmony and played lead guitar. On some songs A.P. did not perform at all; on some songs he sang harmony and background vocals and occasionally he sang lead. Maybelle'southward distinctive guitar-playing style became a hallmark of the group, and her Carter Scratch (a method for playing both pb and rhythm on the guitar) has become one of the nearly copied styles of guitar playing. The group (in all its incarnations, meet beneath) recorded for a number of companies, including RCA Victor, ARC group, Columbia, Okeh and various banner labels.^[2]

History [edit]

Birthplace log cabin of A.P. Carter at the Carter Fold at Maces Springs, Virginia now Hiltons, Virginia

The Carter Family unit made their first recordings on August 1, 1927.^[three] The previous day, A.P. Carter had persuaded his married woman Sara Carter and his sister-in-law Maybelle Carter to brand the journeying from Maces Spring, Virginia, to Bristol, Tennessee, to audition for record producer Ralph Peer. Peer was seeking new talent for the relatively embryonic recording industry. The initial sessions are part of what are now chosen the Bristol Sessions. The band received $fifty for each vocal recorded, plus a half-cent royalty on every re-create sold of each song for which they had registered a copyright. On November 4, 1927, the Victor Talking Machine Company (afterwards RCA Victor) released a double-sided 78 rpm record of the group performing "Wandering Male child" and "Poor Orphan Child". On December two, 1928, Victor released "The Storms Are on the Ocean" / "Single Girl, Married Girl", which became very popular.

By the end of 1930, they had sold 300,000 records in the United states of america. Realizing that he would do good financially with each new song he collected and copyrighted, A.P. traveled around the southwestern Virginia expanse in search of new songs; he also composed new songs. In the early 1930s, he befriended Lesley "Esley" Riddle, a blackness guitar player from Kingsport, Tennessee. Lesley accompanied A.P. on his song-collecting trips. In June 1931, the Carters did a recording session in Benton, Kentucky, along with Jimmie Rodgers. In 1933, Maybelle met the Speer Family at a fair in Ceredo, West Virginia, barbarous in love with their signature sound, and asked them to tour with the Carter Family.

2nd generation [edit]

A.P. Carter Full general Store Museum at the Carter Fold at Maces Springs, Virginia now Hiltons, Virginia

In the winter of 1938–39, the Carter Family unit traveled to Texas, where they had a twice-daily program on the border radio station XERA (later XERF) in Villa Acuña (now Ciudad Acuña, United mexican states), across the edge from Del Rio, Texas. In the 1939–40 flavor the children of A.P. and Sara (Janette Carter, Joe Carter) and those of Maybelle (Helen Carter, June Carter, Anita Carter) joined the grouping for radio performances, at present in San Antonio, Texas, where the programs were prerecorded and distributed to multiple border radio stations. (The children did non, even so, perform on the grouping's records.) In the autumn of 1942, the Carters moved their plan to WBT radio in Charlotte, North Carolina, for a one-year contract. They occupied the sunrise slot, with the program ambulation between 5:15 and 6:15 a.m.

By 1936, A.P. and Sara'southward marriage had dissolved. Sara married A.P.'s cousin, Coy Bayes, and moved to California, and the group disbanded in 1944.

Maybelle continued to perform with her daughters Anita Carter, June Carter, and Helen Carter and recorded on 3 labels (RCA Victor, Columbia and Coronet) as "The Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle" (sometimes billed as "The Carter Sisters" or "Maybelle Carter and the Carter Sisters" or "Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters"). In 1943, Maybelle Carter and her daughters, using the name "the Carter Sisters and Mother Maybelle" had a plan on WRNL in Richmond, Virginia.^[4] Maybelle's brother, Hugh Jack (Physician) Addington Jr., and Carl McConnell, known equally the Original Virginia Boys, also played music and sang on the radio testify.

Chet Atkins joined them playing electrical guitar in 1949 at WNOX radio in Knoxville, Tennessee and then moved with them in Oct. of 1949 to KWTO radio in Springfield, Missouri. Opry direction didn't want the Carters to bring Chet with them when they were offered a regular spot on the One thousand Ole Opry only Ezra (their father and manager) insisted that Chet come with them equally he was a part of their troupe or band at present. Finally the Opry management agreed and Chet went with them when they were hired past WSM and the Grand Ole Opry with their first day being May 29, 1950. Chester worked with them when they did "personals" off and on for 8 years merely more often than not on the live 1000 Ole Opry performances.^[5] A.P., Sara, and their children Joe and Janette recorded 3 albums in the 1950s under the name of The A.P. Carter Family. Mother Maybelle Carter and the Carter Sisters began using the name "the Carter Family" after the expiry of A.P. Carter in 1960 for their act during the 1960s and 1970s. Maybelle and Sara briefly reunited, recorded a reunion album (An Historic Reunion), and toured in the 1960s during the superlative of folk music'south popularity.^[6]

A documentary well-nigh the family, Sunny Side of Life, was released in 1985.

In 1987, reunited sisters June Carter Greenbacks and Helen and Anita Carter, along with June'south daughter Carlene Carter, appeared as the Carter Family and were featured on a 1987 television episode of Austin City Limits forth with Johnny Cash.^[vii]

Third generation [edit]

The Carter Family name has been revived for a third fourth dimension, under the name Carter Family III. A project of descendants of the original Carter Family, John Carter Cash, grandson of Maybelle Carter, and Dale Jett, grandson of A.P. and Sara Carter, along with John'south and so-wife Laura (Weber) Cash. They released their first album, Past & Nowadays, in 2010.^[8]

Rosie Zero Adams, daughter of June Carter Cash, was likewise a semi-regular performing member of the Carter Family unit.

Carlene Carter besides was a member of a revised version.

Personnel [edit]

• A.P. Carter (1927–1944, 1952–1956)
• Maybelle Carter (1927–1978)
• Sara Carter (1927–1944, 1952–1956, 1960–1971)
• Janette Carter (1939–1940, 1952–1956)
• Helen Carter (1939–1940, 1944–1996)
• June Carter Cash (1939–1940, 1944–1969, 1971–1996)
• Anita Carter (1939–1940, 1944–1996)
• Joe Carter (1952–1956)
• John Carter Cash (2012–present)
• Dale Jett (2012–nowadays)
• Carlene Carter (1987–present)

Extended family [edit]

June Carter and her sisters were distant cousins of U.S. President Jimmy Carter.^[9]

This family tree shows the extended Carter family back 4 generations.

Cash Carter family unit tree

This section does non cite any sources. Please help better this department by calculation citations to reliable sources. Unsourced cloth may be challenged and removed. (April 2015) (Larn how and when to remove this template message) William Sevier Dougherty Nancy Elizabeth Kilgore Robert C. Carter Mollie Arvell Bays Margaret S. Kilgore Hugh Jackson Addington Sara Carter A.P. Carter Ezra J. Carter Maybelle Carter Gladys Carter Janette Carter Joe Carter Helen Carter Anita Carter Vivian Liberto Johnny Greenbacks June Carter Cash Carl Smith Edwin "Rip" Nix Rosanne Cash Kathleen Cash Cindy Greenbacks Tara Cash John Carter Cash Rosie Nix Adams Carlene Carter Nick Lowe Joseph Breen Notes:

Legacy and musical manner [edit]

As important to land music as the family's repertoire of songs was Maybelle'due south guitar playing. She developed her innovative guitar technique largely in isolation; her style is today widely known every bit the "Carter scratch" or "Carter Family picking". While Maybelle did utilise a flatpick on occasion, her major method of guitar playing was the use of her thumb (with a thumbpick) along with i or 2 fingers. What her guitar fashion accomplished was to allow her to play melody lines (on the depression strings of the guitar) while still maintaining rhythm using her fingers, brushing beyond the higher strings.

Before the Carter family unit's recordings, the guitar was rarely used equally a lead or solo instrument among white musicians.^{[ commendation needed ]} Maybelle'southward interweaving of a melodic line on the bass strings with intermittent strums is now a staple of steel string guitar technique. Flatpickers such as Doc Watson, Clarence White and Norman Blake took flatpicking to a college technical level, but all acknowledge Maybelle's playing as their inspiration.

It has been noted that 'by the end of the twenties, Maybelle Carter scratch ... was the most widely imitated guitar style in music. Nobody did as much to popularize the guitar, because from the beginning, her playing was distinctive as any voice.'

—quoted in The Bristol Sessions: Writings About the Big Bang of Land Music (2005)^[10]

The Carter Family was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1970 and were given the nickname "The Offset Family of Country Music".^[11] In 1988, the Carter Family was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and received its Honor for the song "Will the Circumvolve Be Unbroken". In 1993, the U.Southward. Mail issued a commemorative stamp honoring A.P., Sara, and Maybelle. In 2001, the grouping was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Honor. In 2005, the group received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Honour.

Renewed attending to the Carter Family unit tune "When I'm Gone" occurred after several covers performed a cappella with a cup used to provide percussion, as in the cup game and dubbed "Cups or The Cup Song", went viral and culminated with a brusque performance in the picture Pitch Perfect. Afterwards it was released every bit a unmarried past Anna Kendrick.

The A.P. and Sara Carter House, A.P. Carter Homeplace, A.P. Carter Shop, Maybelle and Ezra Carter House, and Mt. Vernon Methodist Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places as components of the Carter Family Thematic Resource.^{[12] [13]}

In 2017, the Carter Family's story was told in the honor-winning documentary series American Epic. ^[14] The pic featured unseen picture show footage of The Carter Family performing and being interviewed,^{[xv] [16]} and radically improved restorations of their 1920s recordings.^{[17] [eighteen]} Manager Bernard MacMahon commented that "we starting time came to the Carters through their records, only one of the other things that struck us virtually them is that they were involved in both of the principal waves of America hearing itself for the beginning time. They made their starting time impact in that early moving ridge of rural recordings, so the next stage was the arrival of radio, and in the late 1930s, they went to Texas and were on XERA, a border station based in Mexico that could be heard all over the central and western Usa."^[19] The Carter Family'south story was profiled in the accompanying book, American Epic: The Get-go Time America Heard Itself.^[20]

Discography [edit]

Selected 78 rpm records: The Carter Family'due south career predated whatsoever sort of best-selling chart of country music records. (Billboard did not have a state all-time sellers chart until 1944.) Beneath is a select list of their 78 rpm releases.

See also [edit]

• Songs written past A.P. Carter

References [edit]

1. ^ Heatley, Michael (2007). The Definitive Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock. London, UK: Star Fire. ISBN978-1-84451-996-v.
2. ^ Zwonitzer, 1000. & Hirshberg, C. (2002). Volition You Miss Me When I'm Gone? The Carter Family & Their Legacy in American Music. Simon & Schuster, NY. [The Carter Sisters & Mother Maybelle: Living Tradition. The Journal of the Academy for the Preservation of Old-Fourth dimension Country Music.], Sunny Side Sentinel: Official Publication for the Carter Family, Discography Upshot (1980)
3. ^ Maybelle Carter, Neb Clifton. Wildwood Pickin' (audio CD). Vanguard Records. ASIN B000000EHH.
4. ^ Wolfe, Charles K. (2000). Classic Country: Legends of Country Music. Taylor & Francis. ISBN9780415928267 . Retrieved 16 January 2015.
5. ^ name="Atkins_Neely Atkins, Chet; Neely, Bill (1974). Country Admirer . Chicago: Harry Regnery Company. ISBN0-8092-9051-0.
6. ^ Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter. Maybelle & Sara Carter Cannonball Blues (video). YouTube ("bluesriff"). Retrieved April 29, 2013.
7. ^ "Austin Urban center Limits: 1987: Johnny Cash with The Carter Family". Austin, Texas: PBS. Archived from the original on Oct xix, 2007. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
8. ^ "Past & Nowadays". Johncartercash.bandcamp.com. Archived from the original on 2016-04-thirty. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
9. ^ Carter 1978, p. 1115 (Conference on Hire, June fourteen). sfn error: no target: CITEREFCarter1978 (assist)
10. ^ Wolfe, Charles K.; Olson, Ted (2005). The Bristol Sessions: Writings About the Big Bang of Country Music. p. 74. ISBN0-7864-1945-8.
11. ^ Wolfe, Charles. "Carter Family unit". Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum. Archived from the original on Baronial seven, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
12. ^ "National Annals Data Organization". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July nine, 2010.
13. ^ Carter Family unit Tree
14. ^ "BBC – Arena: American Epic – Media Centre". Bbc.co.united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland . Retrieved 2018-06-29 .
15. ^ "Mule Calls and Outlaws: A Chat With 'American Ballsy' Director Bernard MacMahon". Men's Periodical. 2017-05-23. Retrieved 2018-06-29 .
16. ^ "'American Epic' Recreates Music History With Elton John, Brook & More". Udiscovermusic.com. x May 2017. Retrieved 2018-06-29 .
17. ^ "American Epic". Stereophile.com. 2017-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-29 .
18. ^ Lewis, Randy (14 May 2017). "'American Epic' explores how a business crunch ignited a musical revolution". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2018-06-29 .
19. ^ Wald, Elijah; McGourty, Allison; MacMahon, Bernard (2017). American Epic | The First Time America Heard itself. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 74. ISBN9781501135606.
20. ^ MacMahon, Bernard; McGourty, Allison; Wald, Elijah (2017-05-02). American Ballsy. ISBN9781501135606.

Sources [edit]

• Among My Klediments, June Carter Cash, 1000 Rapids, MI, Zondervan, 1979. ISBN 0-310-38170-3
• In the Country of Country: A Journey to the Roots of American Music, Nicholas Dawidoff, Vintage Books, 1998. ISBN 0-375-70082-X
• Will Yous Miss Me When I'yard Gone?: The Carter Family and Their Legacy in American Music, Marker Zwonitzer with Charles Hirshberg, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2002

External links [edit]

• Country Music'southward First Family unit
• The Carter Family Memorial Music Centre, Inc.
• The Carter Family Consummate Vocal Texts
• Carter Family Fold, Hiltons, Virginia
• The Carter Family Discography
• The Carter Family: Will the Circle be Unbroken
• Carter Family recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings.

Awards
Preceded by Gram Parsons	AMA Presidents Award 2004	Succeeded by John Hartford

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